Introduction
Video
Makahiki was the season of harvest, peace and celebration, between the months of October to January. The Hawaiian people worshipped their gods and gathered together to play games.
Discovery Lesson
Motion & Force: Makahiki Games
Grades: K-1
Time: 60 minutes
Overview
In this lesson you will play makahiki games and count by 10’s to add up your points!
Materials
Goals
Objectives
Common Core Math Standards
Next Generation Science Standards
Materials
- Prize Cards (click to download and print PDF; print as many cards as needed)
- rope
- ribbon or sash
- masking tape
- 2 cones or water bottles
- 2 tuna cans
Goals
- Understand how applying different amounts of force affects motion and speed;
- Identify examples of push versus pull;
- Fluently count by 10’s to 50 (or to 100); and
- Add by 10’s.
Objectives
- Play games to learn about how objects move and stop by forces of push and pull; and
- Add objects in groups of 10’s up to 50 (or to 100).
Common Core Math Standards
CCSS.Math.Content.K.CC.A.1
Count to 100 by ones and by tens.
CCSS.Math.Content.K.CC.B.4
Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality.
CCSS.Math.Content.K.CC.B.4.b
Understand that the last number name said tells the number of objects counted. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted.
CCSS.Math.Content.1.NBT.B.2.a
10 can be thought of as a bundle of ten ones — called a “ten.”
CCSS.Math.Content.1.NBT.B.2.c
The numbers 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 refer to one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine tens (and 0 ones).
Next Generation Science Standards
PS2.A
Forces and Motion: Pushes and pulls can have different strengths and directions.
K-PS2-1; K-PS2-2
Pushing or pulling on an object can change the speed or direction of its motion and can start or stop it.
K-PS2-1; PS3.C
Relationship Between Energy and Forces: A bigger push or pull makes things speed up or slow down more quickly.
Introduction
Activity Instructions
Watch the videos below to learn how to play some makahiki games. Then play the games with your family and friends! As you play, you can earn prize cards for winning games. Each prize card has 10 prizes on it. You can win either: 10 puaʻa (pigs), 10 iʻa (fish), or 10 kalo (taro). You will get one prize card for each time you win a game. It doesn’t matter which kind of prize card you win, but be sure to keep track of all your prize cards because at the end of all the games, you will add up how many prizes you won. Whoever wins the most prizes wins the whole makahiki tournament!
'Ulu Maika
ʻUlu Maika (Hawaiian bowling):
The force we use for this game is pushing (rolling the ʻulu maika stone). Opponents take turns rolling the ʻulu maika between two stakes. The winner is the player who gets the most ʻulu maika stones through the two stakes.
Hukihuki
Hukihuki (tug-of-war):
The force we use for this game is pulling. Hukihuki means to pull continuously or with many people. Opposing teams will pull at opposite ends of the rope. Whichever team makes the other team lose their grip or stop pulling the rope wins.
Hākā Moa
Hākā Moa (chicken fight):
This is a wrestling game that uses pushing and pulling. Play with another person. Opponents face each other. Both players grab each other’s right hand. Each player grabs their left foot with their left hand. The object of the game is to push and pull your right hands only to make your opponent lose balance. Whoever loses balance and falls first loses.
Pā Uma
Pā Uma (standing wrist wrestling):
This is a wrestling game that uses pushing and pulling. Play with another person. Opponents face each other. Place both feet on the ground with the right side of the right feet touching (make sure not to cross your opponent’s leg or foot as doing so may cause you to get hurt). Both players grab each other’s right hand. The object of the game is to push and pull your right hands only to make your opponent lose balance. Whoever moves their right foot first loses.
Uma
Uma (hand wrestling):
This is a wrestling game that uses pushing. Play with another person. Opponents lay on their stomachs, face each other, and grab each other’s right hand. Whoever can push their opponents hand to the ground wins.