500 Sails Boatyard, Lowerbase

Mentor: Sakman Mario Borja

STEM Fields: Science-Technology-Engineering-Arts-Mathematics-History and Ethnomathematics

Internship Research Goal: Build 3D computer-printed models of the ancient Sakman outrigger from which its dimensions relative to integral parts can be analyzed with respect to cultural-based mathematics.

About the Internship Site:

500 Sails Sakman Yard: This boat yard at 500 Sails is the birth place of the few canoes (and the many to follow) erupting from the recent renaissance in Chamorro seafaring in the Marianas Archipelago.

Meet Our Internship Mentor: Sakman Mario Borja

Indigenous man smiling

Sakman Mario Borja is the son of a fisherman and a carpenter. It was from his father’s mentorship that he gained an applied appreciation for carpentry and ocean activities. He learned how to build his first 8-ft fishing canoe, the Galaide, out of corrugated roofing tins when he was only 10 years old. It was from this first build that he developed a life-long desire to build canoes.

It was 36 years later that he had the opportunity to build another functional 12-ft canoe out of wood. This time it was to welcome the Hokulea for its first visit to San Diego back in July 1995. It was this serendipitous arrival of this double-hulled Hawaiian canoe that instilled in him a deep aspiration to learn more about his ancestral seafaring history. It was several years later, after learning the craft of building models of a large sailing vessel called the “flying proa”, that Sakman Mario embarked on building a full-scaled version in a year in 2011 in San Diego California, only 6200 nautical miles from its birthplace. The Sakman was built following a drawing of a canoe captured on the Mariana island of Tinian circa 1742. And the journey had just begun.

Today, after learning how to sail the Sakman outrigger in San Diego and Guam, and the Sakman now in Saipan with 500 Sails, Sakman Mario now devotes his studies to discovering the hidden culturally-based mathematics in the construction of the Sakman. His quest to digitize this ancient Anson Drawing of 1742 has led to the projection of an additional engineering view called the “Isometric” to supplement this original blueprint. From this effort emerged the first ever 3D computer-printed model of this ancient Chamorro vessel designed for deep-sea fishing and long-distance voyaging. His ambitious goal is to inundate every classroom in the Marianas with a Sakman model as a testament to our Chamorro seafaring revival.

Sakman Mario continues to share the story of the Sakman at every opportunity. His stories involve cultural and mathematical perspectives which have enhanced the appreciation for the timely reconstruction of the Marianas flying proa.

These computer-printed models have led to our better appreciation and understanding of the simplicity and ingenuity in the design of our ancient Chamorro vessels. This internship program will continue with the modeling of these Sakman models in pursuit of the same.

Sakman Mario is a military veteran with over 21 years of service. He has a background in avionics technology and space surveillance. He earned his BS in Astronautical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin and proceeded on to his MS in Astrodynamics from the Air Force of Institute of Technology at Wright-Patterson AFB in Ohio. He worked his last ten years in the military in space surveillance for the Air Force Space Command in Colorado which culminated in his production of a foreign launch handbook that continues serving the space surveillance industry today.

With his teaching credentials in Secondary Mathematics, Sakman Mario has taught mathematics at the middle/high school levels as well as adult classes in data telecommunications. His more recent classroom activities were with students at the University of California in San Diego working in the Design and Innovation Building modeling and building canoes.

In addition to his work preserving Chamorro seafaring culture, Sakman Mario also serves as a court interpreter and translator of his native Chamorro language.

Canoe being built indoors
Canoe hanging indoors

Internship duties and responsibilities:

This internship will be based on “Each-one Teach-One” approach where each student is encouraged to reinforce their learning by teaching others the same. Group Sharing.

This internship will introduce students to three-dimensional modelling using computer-based printers. Instructions include the process of modeling and the interface of digital files to production They will have hands-on access to hardware components with information on functions of each.

The goal of the internship is for the students to print a complete 16-inch model of the sakman outrigger as one team. They will practice printing simple related components to gain hands-on experience of the process.

This project introduces students to a rendition of the sakman story based on the history and construction of the sakman canoe to build appreciation for the simplicity of an ancient vessel design. This section will introduce the use and purpose of triangles.

This project introduces students to the Anson Drawing of 1742 which depicts a Chamorro outrigger canoe called the sakman with an exercise on dimensioning using a simple ratio & proportion algorithm.

This project introduces students to critical canoe design terms such as Center of Effort (CE) and Center of Lateral Resistance (CLR).

This project introduces students to a digitally printed drawing of the same canoe depicting the augmented isometric perspective of the original drawing.

Students will work as a team to build an outrigger model. Students will be tasked to present their output with a summary of the lessons learned in the process.

Each student will be encouraged to build their individual sakman canoe for their own using the teamwork approach.

Time permitting, 500 Sails will provide the students the opportunity to sail on a 26-ft canoe.

Interns should be comfortable and able to:

  • Work with math equations in solving ratios and proportions, material densities, weights, and unit conversions.
  • Follow instructions in using 3D printers.
  • Work as a team with other students on assigned projects.
  • Students are encouraged to take notes and pictures as needed for their own edification.
  • For the class, wear comfortable clothing for a tropical weather environment. Comfortable shoes recommended. No zorries. No slippers. No shower thongs. No flip-flops. No slip-ons.
  • As needed, ear plugs and eye protectors will be provided.
  • Although most of the class work will be indoors, there will be times when students will walk outdoors to an adjacent lake to float test their finished canoe models.
  • If and when resources are available, students may be invited for a 30-min sail within the lagoon with experienced members of 500 Sails in one of their 26-ft canoes. Students will be afforded safety gear for this experience. Swim wear a must. Skin protection encouraged.

Tentative 2025 Internship Schedule

This internship will occur over the following dates:

2025 Internship Schedule*

  • 2025 Spring (March): Spring Semester is tentative per CNMI-PSS schedule. Two days will be identified based on student availability for a total of eight (8) hours.
  • 2025 Summer (June/July): Two weeks will be selected based on availability of students and mentor. Each week will account for 40 hours of study and work. Due to lengthy computer print/prep times, this may extend classroom hours. This will be on individual/group basis as needed.
  • Summer schedule may include (time permitting) a short sail on small sailing canoes within the lagoon, weather permitting. If satisfactory for students, class room hours may be extended as needed.

*Schedules are tentative and are subject to change. Interns will be required to work 8 hours in the Spring 2025. Interns will be required to work 40 hours in the Summer 2025.

Internship Meeting Location:

Interns will meet on scheduled class days at the 500 Sails Sakman Yard located at Lower Base, Saipan.